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The Indian subcontinent consists of
a number of separate linguistic
communities each of which share a
common language and culture.
The people of India speak many
languages and dialects which are
mostly varieties of about 15
principal languages.
Though distinctive in parts, all
stand for a homogeneous culture that
is the essence of the great Indian
literature. This is an evolution in
a land of myriad dialects. The
number of people speaking each
language varies greatly. For
example, Hindi has more than 250
million speakers, but relatively few
people speak Andamanese.
India's schools teach 58 different
languages. The nation has newspapers
in 87 languages, radio programmes in
71, and films in 15.
The Indian languages belong to four
language families: Indo-European,
Dravidian, Mon-Khmer, and
Sino-Tibetan. Indo-European and
Dravidian languages are used by a
large majority of India's
population.
The language families divide roughly
into geographic groups. Languages of
the Indo-European group are spoken
mainly in northern and central
regions.The languages of southern
India are mainly of the Dravidian
group.
Some ethnic groups in Assam and
other parts of eastern India speak
languages of the Mon-Khmer group.
People in the northern Himalayan
region and near the Burmese border
speak Sino-Tibetan languages.
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